Which place in working social accounttability
Answers
A key characteristic of good governance is that governments serve in the best interest of their citizens; they make pledges and commitments from the international to the local level and meet them through effective legislation and policies. In representative governments, government units (ministries, departments, offices) have the obligation, and citizens have the right, to hold government accountable for achieving its commitments.
Horizontal accountability occurs when government units ensure other units within the same government fulfill their commitments through institutional mechanisms of oversight. These can include internal audits and parliamentary hearings.
Vertical accountability occurs when forces external to government, such as citizens, advocacy groups, and the media, work to ensure government units meet their obligations. Mechanisms for this type of accountability include elections, mass protests, publication of shadow reports, and investigative news reports, among others.
Diagonal (also known as hybrid) accountability occurs when governments invite active and meaningful involvement of citizens/CSOs in horizontal accountability mechanisms. This could include participatory planning and budgeting, citizen testimony in public hearings/oversight committees, or community representation on health committees.
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