Question

Which principal is used in a car's gear?​

Answer 1

Answer:

Traditional Automatic Transmission

More known as a torque converter automatic, this widely-used automatic transmission can be found in almost every car. This transmission uses a hydraulic fluid coupling or a torque converter to do the job of changing gears instead of a clutch.

Explanation:

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Answer 2

Answer:

For a car to move on the road, it is not enough to have a powerful and efficient engine under the hood. The torque from the crankshaft must somehow be transmitted to the drive wheels of the vehicle.

For this purpose, a special mechanism was created - a gearbox. Consider its structure and purpose, as well as how different KP modifications differ.

The purpose of the gearbox

In short, the gearbox is designed to transfer torque from the power unit to the drive wheels. The transmission also converts the crankshaft speed so that the driver can accelerate the car without cranking the engine to maximum rpm.

 

This mechanism is matched to the parameters of the internal combustion engine in order to maximize the entire resource of the engine without damage to its parts. Thanks to the transmission, the machine can move both forward and backward.

All modern cars have a transmission that allows you to temporarily disable the rigid coupling of the crankshaft with the driving wheels. This allows the car to idle, for example, gently approaching a traffic light. This mechanism also allows you not to turn off the engine when the car stops. This is necessary to recharge the battery and to operate additional equipment, such as an air conditioner.

Each commercial proposal must meet the following requirements:

 

Provide car traction and economical fuel consumption, depending on the power and volume of the engine;

Ease of use (the driver should not be distracted from the road when changing the vehicle speed);

Do not make noise during operation;

High reliability and efficiency;

Minimum dimensions (as much as possible in the case of powerful vehicles).

Transmission device

Throughout the history of the automotive industry, this mechanism has been constantly modernized, due to which today there is a wide variety of transmissions that have many significant differences.

The device of any gearbox includes:

Housing. It contains all the necessary parts that ensure the coupling of the motor to the drive shaft, from which the rotation is transmitted to the wheels.

Oil reservoir. Since in this mechanism the parts come into contact with each other under a heavy load, the lubrication ensures their cooling and creates an oil film that protects against premature wear on the gears.

Speed transmission mechanism. Depending on the type of box, the mechanism may include shafts, a set of gears, a planetary gearbox, a torque converter, friction discs, belts and pulleys.

KP classification

There are several parameters by which all boxes are classified. There are six such signs. In each of them, the torque is supplied to the drive wheel according to its own principle and has a different method of gear selection.

By way of transmission of power flow

This category includes the following KPs:

Mechanical gearbox. In this modification, the power take-off is performed by a gear drive.

Gearbox with coaxial shafts. Rotation is also transmitted through a gear train, only its elements are made in a conical or cylindrical shape.

Planetary. Rotation is transmitted through a planetary gear set, the gears of which are located in one plane.

Hydromechanical. In such a transmission, a mechanical transmission (mostly planetary type) is used in conjunction with a torque converter or fluid coupling.

CVT. This is a type of gearbox that does not use a step transmission. Most often, such a mechanism works together with a fluid coupling and a belt.