Question

Which reasons compelled the French people to revolt against Louis XVI?

Answer 1

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The reasons leading to the outbreak of revolutionary protest against Louis XVI were:

→ Social Inequality: French society in the eighteenth century was divided into three estates namely The Clergy, The nobility and third estates. First two estates, that is, the clergy and the nobility enjoyed certain privileges by birth. They were exempt from paying taxes. The Third estate comprises of businessmen, merchants, Peasants and artisans, labours had to pay taxes to the state.

→ Political Causes: Long years of war had drained the financial resources of France. France had a debt of more than 2 billion livres. To meet its regular expenses, such as the cost of maintaining an army, the court, running government offices or universities, the state was forced to increase taxes which angered the people.

→ Economic Problems: The population of France also increased from 23 million in 1715 to 28 million in 1789. Food grains were now in great demand. The price of bread shot up. Wages did not keep pace with rising prices. This led to subsistence crisis.

→ Strong Middle Class: A new middle class emerged educated and wealthy during the eighteenth century. They believed that no group in society should be given privileges by birth. Ideas of equality and freedom were put forward by philosophers. The ideas of these philosophers were discussed intensively in salons and coffee houses and spread among people.

→ Immediate Causes: On 5 may, 1789, Louis XVI called together an assembly of Estates General to pass proposals for new taxes. Third estates protested against this proposal but as each estate have one vote, the king rejected this appeal. They walked out of the assembly.

Hope this is helpful (^_^)

Answer 2

Explanation:

The three reasons which had compelled to revolt against Louis XVI by the French people are as follows:

1) Social Inequality - In the 18th Century, the France society was dealing with the social inequality. The whole society had divided into three stages namely The Clergy, The nobility and third estates. The people of third estate were compelled to pay many taxes while the first two stages, the “clergy and nobility” were exempted from all paying of taxes.  

2) To pay the heavy debt of war, Louis XVI has increased the burden of taxes of the people of third estate which result in the anger and hatred among the people.  

3) The increasing population was dealing with the shortage of food grains. The price of bread shot up. Wages didn’t keep pace with rising prices. This turned the crisis.