Question

which section of the society were afraid of the new print culture and why

Answer 1

Scholarly officials of the society were afraid of the new print culture because it ruined their monopoly upon the print media.

Western printing processes and use of mechanical presses revolutionized the way of the new print culture in China.

Shanghai became the epicentre of transformation from hand writing to mechanical printing and many western style schools opened up in the city.

Answer 2

The monarchy landed aristocracy, and religious leaders were afraid of the new print culture as it brought about several changes in society such as dissemination of information at a rapid pace which would now bring knowledge to the masses and so empowered them and free them from the oppressive clutches of these people.

They would lose the monopoly on power that they once possessed. For these reasons, the print culture was feared by them.