Question

which technique is used to separate two immiscible liquid and two miscible liquid explain briefly​

Answer 1

Answer:

Fractional distillation

Explanation:

A mixture of two miscible liquids can be separated by the process of fractional distillation. The separation of two liquids by fractional distillation depends on the difference in their boiling points. Fractional distillation is carried out by using a fractionating column.

Answer 2

Separation of mixture of two or more liquid

All the mixtures containing two (or more) liquids can be separated by the following two methods:

• By the process of fractional distillation.
• By using a separating funnel.

(i) Separation by fractional distillation

Fractional distillation is the process of separating two (or more) miscible liquids by distillation, the distillate being collected in fractions boiling at different temperatures. A mixture of two miscible liquids can be separated by the process of fractional distillation. The separation of two liquids by fractional distillation depends on the difference in their boiling points. Fractional distillation is carried out by using a fractionating column.

Ex- Alcohol and water are miscible liquids. The boiling point of alcohol is 78ºC and the boiling point of water is 100ºC. Since the boiling points of alcohol and water different, therefore, a mixture of alcohol and water can be separated by fractional distillation. The mixture of alcohol and water is heated in a distillation flask fitted with a fractionating column. When the mixture is heated, both alcohol and water form vapours as their boiling points approach. The alcohol vapour and water vapour rise up in the fractionating column. The upper part of the fractionating column is cooler, so as the hot vapours rise up in the column, they get cooled, condense and trickle back into the distillation flask.

The more volatile liquid distils over first, and the less volatile liquid distils over later. A mixture of alcohol and water can be separated by fractional distillation.

(ii) Separation by a separating funnel

A mixture of two immiscible liquids can be separated by using a separating funnel. A

separating funnel is a special type of funnel

which has a stop-cork in its stem to allow the flow of a liquid from it, or to stop the flow of liquid from it. The separation of two immiscible liquids by a separating funnel depends on the difference in their densities. The mixture of two immiscible liquids is put in a separating funnel and allowed to stand for some time. The mixture separates into two layers according to the densities of the liquids in it.The heavier liquid or denser liquid forms the lower layer whereas the lighter liquid forms the upper layer. On opening the stop-cork of separating funnel, the lower layer of heavier liquid comes out first and collected in a beaker. When the lower layer of heavier liquid has completely run off, the stop-cork is closed. The lighter liquid in the upper layer is collected in a separate beaker by opening the stop-cork again.

Ex- Water and kerosene oil are two immiscible liquids. So, a mixture of water and kerosene can be separated by using a separating funnel.