Which term best describes the temperature and weather conditions of an organismтАЩs environment?
Answers
•Abiotic factors are the non - living components of a habitat.
•The abiotic factors in an ecosystem are grouped into soil (edaphic ), air, topography , meteorology, availability of water and quality of water.
••The meteorological factors are temperature , wind , sun, humidity and precipitation.
••The chemical, geological factors are soil, minerals, rocks and physical factors like temperature , wind , water , sunlight.
••The abiotic factors also include light, acidity, radiation, humidity , temperature and all organic and inorganic components of the ecosystem.
•The quantity of the abiotic components present in the ecosystem is known as ' the standing stage ' .
•The abiotic factors effect the ecosystem and play a vital role in the biology of the ecosystem.
•The activities and growth of plants and animals are a result of several of these abiotic factors.
•The biotic components of the ecosystem which includes the plants , animals and microbes interact and are dependent on the abitoic factors .
List of Abiotic Factors:
clouds ,
weather ,
latitude ,
temperature ,
oxygen ,
salinity,
soil (edaphic factors ),
air,
water,
sunlight,
humidity ,
topography ,
pH ,
atmospheric gases .
;)
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Abiotic Factors
All organisms have adaptations that enable them to survive under certain conditions in their environments or ecosystems. Some of the abiotic, or nonliving, factors that affect organisms' ability to survive include temperature, light availability, soil type, water, salinity levels of soil or water, oxygen, acidity/alkalinity (pH levels) of soil or water, inorganic nutrient levels, other chemicals, radiation, seasonal temperature and weather changes, wind, air or water pressure, ocean waves, topographical features and altitude. In the ocean, hydrostatic pressure becomes a factor in limiting what kinds of creatures can survive at great depths. In mountainous areas, oxygen availability in the atmosphere can be reduced, which is reflected in the physiology of organisms that live there.
Biotic Factors
Biotic, or living, factors can also affect an organism's ability to survive in an ecosystem. They include food availability, competition with other organisms, plant cover availability, predation, disease, parasitism, crowding, habitat fragmentation and the presence of human populations. A lack of trees can affect populations of birds or other arboreal organisms, which may rely on tree cover for nesting and hiding from predators. Some biotic factors affect abiotic factors as well, such as plants that grow taller than competing plants and block sunlight, or a lack of decomposing organic matter or nitrogen-fixing bacteria that leads to low nitrogen levels in the soil.
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Tolerance Range
The range of variation under which a species can function and reproduce is called its tolerance range. Some organisms possess a wide range of tolerance for some environmental conditions, but most survive best within a narrower range called their optimum range. As conditions in an environment move further from the optimum range for a species, populations of that species tend to dwindle. Species that tolerate a narrow range of conditions for a specific environmental factor may be given a name with the prefix "steno-," such as stenohalines, which can tolerate only a narrow range of salinity. Those organisms that tolerate a wide range of conditions have the prefix "eury-," such as eurytopics, which can thrive in a wide range of environments. Fish in estuaries, where salt levels in the water can vary, are euryhalines. Introduced species that out-compete native species might possess the advantage of a wider range of tolerance than the native species. When human activities -- including habitat destruction, the burning of fossil fuels and pollution -- alter an environment, it may test some species' tolerance limits beyond their ability to survive; death or even extinction of species may result.
Extremophiles
Some organisms, called extremophiles, have adapted to survive in environments that the vast majority of other organisms on Earth could not tolerate. Acidophiles live at very low pH levels, endoliths inside rocks or in the pores between mineral grains, halophiles in extremely high salinity, anaerobes in the presence of no oxygen, psychrophiles in temperatures at 15 degrees Celsius or below, barophiles at extremely high hydrostatic pressure and xerophiles in places with almost no water. Oddly enough, extremophiles may have a narrow range of tolerance. For example, obligate anaerobes cannot grow in an environment when oxygen is present, and some will even die.