who are called tribal d and why
Answers
Explanation:
A tribe is a group of people that share ancestry and cultures, while living in their own enclosed society.they usually live in underdeveloped countries or areas where they shun industry and live off the land
Tribal peoples form a major segment of the world population. They arefound all over the world. They are called by different names such as "primitive,1'tribal,' 'indigenous,' 'aboriginal,' 'native,' and so on. India has a large number oftribal people. According to R. C. Verma they "constitute about 8.08% of the totalpopulation. They would be about 6.78 crores out of the total population of 83.86crores according to [the] 1991 census" (i). The major tribes in India are the Gonds,the Bhils, the Santals, the Oraons and the Minas. They live in different regions inthe forest as well as in urban areas, and mostly speak their own languages. Thestates of Madhya Pradesh, Orissa, Bihar, Maharastra, Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh,West Bengal and the Northeastern Region have a larger concentration of tribalpopulation. The Andaman and Nicobar Islands are also inhabited by several tribessuch as the Great Andamanese, Sentenelese, Onges, Jarwas, Sompens, and so on.The tribes, according to Verma, are "the autochthonous people of the landwho are believed to be the earliest settlers in Indian Peninsula'1 (I). They are called
15Adivasis, meaning the first settlers. Prior to the caste system, people were dividedinto different tribes. At that time, each tribe was a homogenous and self-containedunit without any hierarchical discrimination. Each tribe had a chief for itsprotection. Gradually, the chief assumed political and military power and wasrecognized as the ruler. Thus, there emerged the republics and monarchies. Tribeswere associated with large kingdoms. Each tribe had its own system ofadministration. There was decentralization of authority among the tribes. Thetraditional tribal institutions were vested with legislative, judicial and executivepowers. The 'Maniki' and 'Munda' system in Singhbhum and the 'Manjhi' systemin Santal Pargana are examples of tribal institutions. As pointed out by R.C.Vermathese "are headed by tribal chiefs who exercise considerable influence over social,economic and religious affairs of their respective tribes"