Question

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Answer 1

10. A water tank has steps inside it. A monkey is sitting on the topmost step (i.e., the first step). The water level is at the ninth step.

❒He jumps 3 steps down and then jumps back 2 steps up. In how many jumps will he reach the water level?

Solution:-

Let us consider steps moved down are represented by positive integers and then, steps moved up are represented by negative integers.

Initially monkey is sitting on the top most step i.e., first step

In 1st jump monkey will be at step = 1 + 3 = 4 steps

In 2nd jump monkey will be at step = 4 + (-2)

= 4 – 2 = 2 steps

In 3rd jump monkey will be at step = 2 + 3 = 5 steps

I 4th jump monkey will be at step = 5 + (-2)

=5 – 2 = 3 steps

In 5th jump monkey will be at step = 3 + 3 = 6 steps

In 6th jump monkey will be at step = 6 + (-2)

= 6 – 2 = 4 steps

In 7th jump monkey will be at step = 4 + 3 = 7 steps

In 8th jump monkey will be at step = 7 + (-2)

= 7 – 2 = 5 steps

In 9th jump monkey will be at step = 5 + 3 = 8 steps

In 10th jump monkey will be at step = 8 + (-2)

= 8 – 2 = 6 steps

In 11th jump monkey will be at step = 6 + 3 = 9 steps

∴Monkey took 11 jumps (i.e., 9th step) to reach the water level

(ii) After drinking water, he wants to go back. For this, he jumps 4 steps up and then jumps back 2 steps down in every move. In how many jumps will he reach back the top step?

Solution:-

Let us consider steps moved down are represented by positive integers and then, steps moved up are represented by negative integers.

Initially monkey is sitting on the ninth step i.e., at the water level

In 1st jump monkey will be at step = 9 + (-4) = 9 – 4 = 5 steps

In 2nd jump monkey will be at step = 5 + 2 = 7 steps

In 3rd jump monkey will be at step = 7 + (-4) = 7 – 4 = 3 steps

In 4th jump monkey will be at step = 3 + 2 = 5 steps

In 5th jump monkey will be at step = 5 + (-4) = 5 – 4 = 1 step

∴Monkey took 5 jumps to reach back the top step i.e., first step.

(iii) If the number of steps moved down is represented by negative integers and the number of steps moved up by positive integers, represent his moves in part (i) and (ii) by completing the following; (a) – 3 + 2 – … = – 8 (b) 4 – 2 + … = 8. In (a) the sum (– 8) represents going down by eight steps. So, what will the sum 8 in (b) represent?

Solution:-

From the question, it is given that

If the number of steps moved down is represented by negative integers and the number of steps moved up by positive integers.

Monkey moves in part (i)

= – 3 + 2 – ……….. = – 8

Then LHS = – 3 + 2 – 3 + 2 – 3 + 2 – 3 + 2 – 3 + 2 – 3

= – 18 + 10

= – 8

RHS = -8

∴Moves in part (i) represents monkey is going down 8 steps. Because negative integer.

Now,

Monkey moves in part (ii)

= 4 – 2 + ……….. = 8

Then LHS = 4 – 2 + 4 – 2 + 4

= 12 – 4

= 8

RHS = 8

∴Moves in part (ii) represents monkey is going up 8 steps. Because positive integer.

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