who framed the constitution of India and how
Answers
The Indian constitutions that we see today is started evolving from early 1920s in bits and pieces , many administrative procedure and legislative laws are inherited from Indian Councils Act 1909,Government of India Act 1919, Nehru Report and largely from Government of India Act 1935, basic framework for Indian Constitution is derived from Government of India Act 1935 .
Demand for our constitutions framed by native Indian raised by various political group in 1930s ,In 1934 M N Roy proposed an idea to frame constituent assembly , He was a pioneer of the and an advocate of . It became an official demand of the Indian National Congress in 1935 and C. Rajagopalachari voiced the demand for a Constituent Assembly on 15 November 1939 based on adult franchise, and was accepted by the British in August 1940, this was part of August offer included giving full weight to minority opinions and allowing Indians to draft their own constitution.
The members of the Constituent Assembly were elected by the provincial assemblies by a system of proportional representation. The total membership of the Constituent Assembly was 389: 292 were representatives of the states, 93 represented the princely states and four were from the chief commissioner provinces of Delhi, Ajmer-Merwara, Coorg (Near Madikeri) and British Baluchistan. The Constitution of India was drafted by the Constituent Assembly, and it was implemented under the Cabinet Mission Plan 1946.
After Partition the membership of the Constituent Assembly was remained 299 as it met on 31 December 1947. There were 13 committees to deal with different tasks of constitution-making-
Major Committees
1. Drafting Committee – Dr. B.R. Ambedkar
2. Union Powers Committee – Jawaharlal Nehru
3. Union Constitution Committee – Jawaharlal Nehru
4. Provincial Constitution Committee – Sardar Patel
5. Advisory Committee on Fundamental Rights, Minorities and Tribal and Excluded Areas – Sardar Patel.
This committee had the following subcommittees
Fundamental Rights Sub-Committee – J.B. Kripalani
Minorities Sub-Committee – Harendra Coomar Mookerjee,
North-East Frontier Tribal Areas and Assam Excluded & Partially Excluded Areas Sub-Committee – Gopinath Bardoloi
Excluded and Partially Excluded Areas (Other than those in Assam) Sub-Committee – A V Thakkar
6. Rules of Procedure Committee – Dr. Rajendra Prasad
7. States Committee (Committee for Negotiating with States) – Jawaharlal Nehru
8. Steering Committee – Dr. Rajendra Prasad
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