who is the father of controlling
Answers
(a) Planning is an intellectual process and controlling insurance results. Planning is thinking in advance what and how is to be achieved where is controlling ensures that results happen as per plans.
(b) Planning is prescriptive where as controlling is evaluating :
Planning prepares and communicates objectives, strategies, rules, policies, methods etc. to the managers whereas it become the responsibility of the managers to evaluative the results and ensure conformity of the results.
(c) Planning and controlling both are looking ahead
Planning is looking ahead :
Planning function is performed by setting the objectives keeping future course of action in mind . It takes all factors into consideration which may affect the actual results whether internal or external.
Controlling is looking a ahead :
Controlling processes compare the present results with the standards set in the past, but after finding the deviations of actual results over the planned results, it suggests the corrective measures to be taken in future so that deviations occurred in the past may not occur again.
(d) Planning and controlling both are looking back :
Planning is looking back :
Planning is called looking back because the plans are formulated on the basis of the past experiences and happenings. The lessons are learnt from the past and changes and made in the planning as required so that the shortcomings observed in the past may not happen again.
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