who was basavanna? write a short note on him.
Answers
Basavanna was born in Bagewadi, a town in Hungund taluk in Bagalkot district (former Bijapur district) of Karnataka. Bagewadi is 20 kilometer away from Hungund. Some historians opine that Basavanna was born in Ingaleshwar, the parents’ place of Madalambe.
Madaras and Madalambe were parents of Basavanna. Madaras was town president of Bagewadi. He belonged to Kamme Brahmin community. Kamme Brahmins are also called Aradhyas and Smartha Brahmins. They are half Brahmins and half Veerashaivas. It is definite that Basavanna was born in Veerashaiva Brahmin family. Veerashaiva Brahmins are worshippers of Personal Linga (Istalinga) but they do not wear Linga on their person but keep their Linga in the pooja room. Madaras and Madalambe were of Veerashaiva-Brahmin community.
Lakkanna Dandesh said, Basavanna was born at mid-night on Monday, Kartik Shudda Purnime of Hindu year ‘Shiddarthiama Samvatsara’. This Hindu year coincides 1131 A.D. Researchers have concluded that Basavanna was born during 1131 in Bagevadi/Ingaleshwar. Every year, ‘Bssava Jayanti’ is celebrated on Vaishaka Shudda Tritiya, Rohini Nakshatra.
Nagamma was the daughter of Madaras and Madalambe. After her birth, Madalambe did not bear children for long period. She worshipped Nandikeshwara and bore Basavanna. Nagamma was elder to Basavanna by 12 years.
Madalambe was a chaste woman. Madarasa observed rite of single wife. He was a religious and kind person engaged in charity and was a philanthropist. He was very popular in the society. When Basavanna was born to the couple, the new-born baby was still without any movement. The baby did not cry even. The parents were surprised and were worrying. In this situation, godly saint Jatavedamuni (Eeshanya Guru) accidentally happened to visit Madaras’s house. He welcomed the Guru with devotion. The Guru sat by the side of the baby, looked sharply at the baby and smiled. He breathed with satisfaction saying okay. He wiped the face of the child with a cloth dipped in warm water, applied bhasma on the forehead, tied rudrakshi and Linga around the neck. Further, the Guru pronounced Panchakshari hymn in the ears of the baby and called, “Come on Basava, come on.” Hearing the call, the baby was awakened, moved sidewise, opened the eyes and smiled at the Guru and the parents.
The parents jumped with joy seeing their child activated, the mother lifted the child to her lap and breast-fed. They placed the child at the feet of the Guru and uttered, “We dedicate the child to your grace.” The child was named ‘Basava’ as pronounced by Guru.
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Answer:
Basaveshwara, colloquially known as Basavanna, was a 12th-century CE Indian statesman, philosopher, poet, social reformer and Lingayat saint in the Shiva-focussed bhakti movement, and a Hindu Shaivite social reformer during the reign of the Kalyani Chalukya/Kalachuri dynasty.
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