Question

Who was Guru Gobind Singh? Expalin briefly how were the Sikhs organized in the 18th century? Do you think Guru Gobind Singh played a crucial role in interest of the Sikh community? Comment.

Answer 1

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Answer 2

Answer:

Sikhism was coined by Guru Gobind Singh Ji. He was the tenth Guru of the 17 century in the Punjab region in the northern part of the Indian subcontinent. The Faith practices were formalised by Guru Gobind Singh Ji on 13 April 1699.[1] The latter baptised five Sikh people from different parts of India and had different social backgrounds to form Khalsa (ਖ਼ਾਲਸਾ). The first five, Pure Ones, then baptised Gobind Singh ji into the Khalsa fold. This gives the order of Khalsa, a history of around 300 years.

The history of Sikhism is closely associated with the history of Punjab and the socio-political situation in the north-west of the Indian subcontinent in the 16th century. From the rule of India by the Mughal Emperor Jahangir (r. 1605–1627), Sikhism came into conflict with Mughal laws, because they were affecting political successions of Mughals while cherishing saints from Islam. Mughal rulers killed many prominent Sikhs for refusing to obey their orders,[3] and for opposing the persecution of Sikhs.[4] Of total 10 Sikh gurus, two gurus themselves were tortured and executed (Guru Arjan Dev and Guru Tegh Bahadur),and close kin of several gurus brutally killed (such as the seven and nine-year old sons of Guru Gobind Singh),along with numerous other main revered figures of Sikhism were tortured and killed (such as Banda Bahadur (1716), Bhai Mati Das, Bhai Sati Das and Bhai Dayala),] by Mughal rulers for refusing their orders,and for opposing the persecution of Sikhs and Hindus.Subsequently, Sikhism militarised itself to oppose Mughal hegemony. The emergence of the Sikh Confederacy under the misls and Sikh Empire under the reign of the Maharajah Ranjit Singh (r. 1792–1839) was characterised by religious tolerance and pluralism with Christians, Muslims and Hindus in positions of power. The establishment of the Sikh Empire in 1799 is commonly considered the zenith of Sikhism in the political sphere,[14] during its existence (from 1799 to 1849) the Sikh Empire came to include Kashmir, Ladakh, and Peshawar. A number of Muslim and Hindu peasants converted to Sikhism.