Question

Who was Jim Crow?Immersive Reader
In 1944, the Detroit chapter of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) held a mock funeral for him. In 1963, participants in the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom symbolically buried him. Racial discrimination existed throughout the United States in the 20th century, but it had a particular name in the South: Jim Crow. More than 50 years ago, President Lyndon B. Johnson tried to bury Jim Crow by signing the Voting Rights
Act of 1965 into law. The Voting Rights Act — and the Civil Rights Act of 1964 — were passed to help end racial discrimination in the South. They banned segregation in public accommodations such as restaurants and bathrooms. They also outlawed the poll taxes and literacy tests that were used to stop African-Americans from voting. Today, we still use the term Jim Crow to describe that system of segregation and discrimination in the South. But the real-life person that system was named after wasn't actually Southern. Jim Crow came from the North.

"Jump, Jim Crow" Thomas Dartmouth Rice, a white man, was born in New York City in 1808. He devoted himself to the theater in his 20s, and in the early 1830s, he began performing the act that would make him famous: he painted his face black and did a song and dance he claimed were inspired by a slave he saw. The act was called "Jump, Jim Crow" or "Jumping Jim Crow." "He would put on not only blackface makeup, but shabby dress," said Eric Lott, author of "Love and Theft: Blackface Minstrelsy and the American Working Class." In Rice's mind — and many white people's minds of the time — the way Rice dressed and acted was typical of the Southern enslaved black person. Blackface minstrelsy, in general, was a form of entertainment that represented black people as cartoonish and dimwitted, and even suggested they were happy being slaves. Rice's routine was a hit in New York City, one of many places in the North where working-class whites could see blackface minstrelsy. At the time, blackface minstrelsy was quickly becoming a very popular form of theater, and was also a leading source of popular music in the United States. Rice took his act on tour, even going as far as England. As his popularity grew, his stage name seeped into the culture. Jim Crow became a shorthand way of describing African-Americans in this country, said Lott. "So much so," he added, "that by the time of Harriet Beecher Stowe's 'Uncle Tom's Cabin,' which was 20 years later in 1852," one of the characters referred to another as Jim Crow. "Uncle Tom's Cabin" was an abolitionist novel written as an attack on the institution of slavery. In a strange full circle, Rice later played Uncle Tom in blackface stage adaptations of the novel. His version often reversed the book's abolitionist message. Regardless of whether the term Jim Crow existed before Rice took it to the stage, his act helped popularize it as an insulting term for African-Americans. To call someone Jim Crow wasn't just to point out his or her skin color. It was to reduce that person to the kind of simpleminded caricature that Rice performed on stage.

From Theater To Legislature After the Civil War, Southern states passed laws that discriminated against newly freed African-Americans. As early as the 1890s, these laws had gained a nickname. In 1899, North Carolina's Goldsboro Daily Argus published an article subtitled "How 'Capt. Tilley' of the A. & N.C. Road Enforces the Jim Crow Law." "Travelers on the Atlantic & North Carolina Railroad during the present month have noted the drawing of the color line in the passenger coaches," reported the paper. "Captain Tilley is unceasing in his efforts to see that the color line, otherwise the Jim Crow law, is literally and fearfully enforced." Experts don't really know how a racist performance in the North came to be the name for a set of racist laws in the South. However, they can speculate. Lott said it could be that the term Jim Crow was just how white people referred
Write a short paragraph that explains the central idea of the article. Use at least two details from the article to support your response. (3-4 Complete sentences) dont be a a hole!!!!

Answer 1

Answer:

Jim Crow laws

Jim Crow laws were state and local laws that enforced racial segregation in the Southern United States.

Answer 2

refer to the attachment for your answer