who was Karl marx? what did he do
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Karl Marx was a German philosopher, economist, historian, political theorist, sociologist, journalist and revolutionary socialist
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Karl Marx[7] (German: [ˈkaɐ̯l ˈmaɐ̯ks]; 5 May 1818 – 14 March 1883) was a Germanphilosopher, economist, historian, political theorist, sociologist, journalist andrevolutionary socialist.
Karl Marx
FRSA[1]
Karl Marx in 1875
Born5 May 1818
Trier, Kingdom of Prussia
Died 14 March 1883(aged 64)
London, England, UKResting placeTomb of Karl Marx,Highgate Cemetery, London, England, UKResidenceGermany, France, Belgium, UKNationalityStateless after 1845Spouse(s)Jenny von Westphalen(m. 1843; d. 1881)Children7, including Jenny,Laura, and EleanorParents
Heinrich Marx (father)Henriette Pressburg(mother)
RelativesLouise Juta (sister)
Jean Longuet(grandson)Philosophy careerAlma materUniversity of Bonn
University of Berlin
University of JenaEra19th-century philosophyRegionWestern philosophySchoolContinental philosophy
Marxism
Main interests
Politics, economics, philosophy, history
Notable ideas
Surplus value, contributions to thelabour theory of value,class struggle,alienation and exploitation of the worker, materialist conception of history
Influences
Babbage,[2] Hegel, Feuerbach, Spinoza,Proudhon, Stirner, Smith, Voltaire, Ricardo,Vico, Robespierre, Rousseau, Shakespeare,Goethe, Helvétius, d'Holbach,[3] Liebig,[4]Darwin, Fourier, Robert Owen, Hess,Engels,[5] Guizot, Pecqueur,[6] Aristotle,Epicurus
Influenced
List of Marxists
Signature
Born in Trier to a middle-class family, Marx studied law and Hegelian philosophy. Due to his political publications, Marx becamestateless and lived in exile in London, where he continued to develop his thought in collaboration with German thinker Friedrich Engels and publish his writings. His best-known titles are the 1848 pamphlet, The Communist Manifesto, and the three-volumeDas Kapital. His political and philosophical thought had enormous influence on subsequent intellectual, economic and political history and his name has been used as an adjective, a noun and a school of social theory.
Marx's theories about society, economics and politics—collectively understood as Marxism—hold that human societies develop throughclass struggle. In capitalism, this manifests itself in the conflict between the ruling classes (known as the bourgeoisie) that control the means of production and the working classes (known as the proletariat) that enable these means by selling theirlabour power in return for wages.[8]Employing a critical approach known ashistorical materialism, Marx predicted that, like previous socio-economic systems, capitalism produced internal tensions which would lead to its self-destruction and replacement by a new system: socialism. For Marx, class antagonisms under capitalism, owing in part to its instability and crisis-prone nature, would eventuate the working class' development of class consciousness, leading to their conquest of political power and eventually the establishment of a classless,communist society constituted by a free association of producers.[9] Marx actively pressed for its implementation, arguing that the working class should carry out organisedrevolutionary action to topple capitalism and bring about socio-economic emancipation.[10]
Marx has been described as one of the most influential figures in human history, and his work has been both lauded and criticised.[11]His work in economics laid the basis for much of the current understanding of labour and its relation to capital, and subsequent economic thought.[12][13][14][15] Many intellectuals, labour unions, artists and political parties worldwide have been influenced by Marx's work, with many modifying or adapting his ideas. Marx is typically cited as one of the principal architects of modern social science.
Karl Marx
FRSA[1]
Karl Marx in 1875
Born5 May 1818
Trier, Kingdom of Prussia
Died 14 March 1883(aged 64)
London, England, UKResting placeTomb of Karl Marx,Highgate Cemetery, London, England, UKResidenceGermany, France, Belgium, UKNationalityStateless after 1845Spouse(s)Jenny von Westphalen(m. 1843; d. 1881)Children7, including Jenny,Laura, and EleanorParents
Heinrich Marx (father)Henriette Pressburg(mother)
RelativesLouise Juta (sister)
Jean Longuet(grandson)Philosophy careerAlma materUniversity of Bonn
University of Berlin
University of JenaEra19th-century philosophyRegionWestern philosophySchoolContinental philosophy
Marxism
Main interests
Politics, economics, philosophy, history
Notable ideas
Surplus value, contributions to thelabour theory of value,class struggle,alienation and exploitation of the worker, materialist conception of history
Influences
Babbage,[2] Hegel, Feuerbach, Spinoza,Proudhon, Stirner, Smith, Voltaire, Ricardo,Vico, Robespierre, Rousseau, Shakespeare,Goethe, Helvétius, d'Holbach,[3] Liebig,[4]Darwin, Fourier, Robert Owen, Hess,Engels,[5] Guizot, Pecqueur,[6] Aristotle,Epicurus
Influenced
List of Marxists
Signature
Born in Trier to a middle-class family, Marx studied law and Hegelian philosophy. Due to his political publications, Marx becamestateless and lived in exile in London, where he continued to develop his thought in collaboration with German thinker Friedrich Engels and publish his writings. His best-known titles are the 1848 pamphlet, The Communist Manifesto, and the three-volumeDas Kapital. His political and philosophical thought had enormous influence on subsequent intellectual, economic and political history and his name has been used as an adjective, a noun and a school of social theory.
Marx's theories about society, economics and politics—collectively understood as Marxism—hold that human societies develop throughclass struggle. In capitalism, this manifests itself in the conflict between the ruling classes (known as the bourgeoisie) that control the means of production and the working classes (known as the proletariat) that enable these means by selling theirlabour power in return for wages.[8]Employing a critical approach known ashistorical materialism, Marx predicted that, like previous socio-economic systems, capitalism produced internal tensions which would lead to its self-destruction and replacement by a new system: socialism. For Marx, class antagonisms under capitalism, owing in part to its instability and crisis-prone nature, would eventuate the working class' development of class consciousness, leading to their conquest of political power and eventually the establishment of a classless,communist society constituted by a free association of producers.[9] Marx actively pressed for its implementation, arguing that the working class should carry out organisedrevolutionary action to topple capitalism and bring about socio-economic emancipation.[10]
Marx has been described as one of the most influential figures in human history, and his work has been both lauded and criticised.[11]His work in economics laid the basis for much of the current understanding of labour and its relation to capital, and subsequent economic thought.[12][13][14][15] Many intellectuals, labour unions, artists and political parties worldwide have been influenced by Marx's work, with many modifying or adapting his ideas. Marx is typically cited as one of the principal architects of modern social science.
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