Who was Robert Clive? briefly state the role he played in British Indian history.
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He began as a British military officer and East India Company (EIC) official who established the military and political supremacy of the EIC by seizing control of Bengal and eventually the whole of the Indian subcontinent and Myanmar - and briefly Afghanistan.
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He began as a British military officer and East India Company (EIC) official who established the military and political supremacy of the East India Company EIC by seizing control of Bengal and eventually the whole of the Indian subcontinent and Myanmar - and briefly Afghanistan.Major-General Robert Clive, 1st Baron Clive, KB, (29 September 1725 – 22 November 1774), was the first British Governor of the Bengal Presidency. He began as a British military officer and East India Company (EIC) official who established the military and political supremacy of the East India Company EIC by seizing control of Bengal and eventually the whole of the Indian subcontinent and Myanmar - and briefly Afghanistan. He is credited with seizing control of a large place of India (now Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Myanmar, Pakistan and Sri Lanka) and parts of Southeast Asia and the wealth that followed, for the Company, in the process turning himself into a multi-millionaire. Together with Warren Hastings he was one of the key early figures setting in motion what would later become British India. Blocking French mastery of India, and eventual British expulsion from the continent, Clive improvised a military expedition that ultimately enabled the East India Company EIC to adopt the French strategy of indirect rule via puppet government. Hired by the East India Company EIC to return a second time to India, Clive conspired to secure the Company's trade interests by overthrowing the Ruler of Bengal, the richest state in India. Back in England, he used his loot from India to secure an Irish barony from then Whig PM, Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle, and a seat for himself in Parliament, via Henry Herbert, 1st Earl of Powis, representing the Whigs in Shrewsbury, Shropshire (1761–1774), as he had previously in Mitchell, Cornwall (1754–1755).
Clive was one of the most controversial figures in all British military history. His achievements included establishing control over much of India, and laying the foundation of the entire British, though he worked only as an agent of the East India Company, not the British government. Of special concern was that he amassed a personal fortune in India. Modern historians have criticised him for atrocities, for high taxes, and for the forced cultivation of crops