who was Rutherford?
Answers
Answer:
Ernest Rutherford, 1st Baron Rutherford of Nelson, OM, FRS, HFRSE, was a New Zealand-born British physicist who came to be known as the father of nuclear physics. Encyclopædia Britannica considers him to be the greatest experimentalist since Michael Faraday.
Background:
Model for the structure of an atom had been first proposed by J.J. Thomson. Later, followed many theories however, Rutherford's model was finally accepted as the correct nuclear model. Rutherford had shown his model with help of an experiment.
Rutherford's scattering experiment:
Rutherford's model of an atom :
Ernest Rutherford was interested in knowing how the electrons are arranged within an atom. Rutherford designed an experiment for this. In this experiment, fast moving alpha (α)-particles were made to fall on a thin gold foil.
He selected a gold foil because he wanted as thin a layer as possible. This gold foil was about 1000 atoms thick.
α-particles are doubly-charged helium ions. Since they have a mass of 4µ, the fast-moving α-particles have a considerable amount of energy.
It was expected that α-particles would be deflected by the sub-atomic particles in the gold atoms. Since the α-particles were much heavier than the protons, he did not expect to see large deflections. But, the α-particle scattering experiment gave totally unexpected results .
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