Question

Who were the moderates and the radicals of the Congress ?​

Answer 1

Answer:

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Answer 2

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$\implies$The chief leaders of the Radicals were Lal Lajpat Rai, Bal Gangadhar Tilak and Bipin Chandra Pal.

The causes of the rise of radical nationalism :

1. The methods and achievements of the moderates did not satisfy the younger people.They made a strong demand for a more vigorous political action.

2. The policy of economic exploitation of the English proved harmful for trade and industry in India It led to poverty among the people of India.

3. Terrible famines and plagues caused havoc and Indians suffered great hardship

4. The revolutionary ideas of the west such as democracy and nationaliasm etc inspired the radical nationalists in India.

5. The victory of Japan over Russia in 1905 gave a new hope to the people of India in their struggle for freedom.

For Moderates Swaraj meant self government in internal affairs only while for Radicals Swaraj meant full freedom.The moderates were in favour of peaceful agitation and The Radicals wanted to achieve Swaraj through vigorous political action.Hence there was a split between the two in 1907 at the Surat session of the Congress.

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