Question

why are atoms need to stability

Answer 1

• this is one of the laws of nature that nature prefers every system to be in the most stable state possible, which is the lowest energy state, such as the ground state, in going towards equilibrium
• because of the nature’s requirement for favoring a least entropy state, ie having least disorder or chaos. Thus you would see smallest particles from atoms and its constituents to the large-scale structures like galaxies and constellations,
• everything is tending to an equilibrium, trying to shed its energy and reach stability.
• Thus, whenever any system such as an electron or an atom reaches an excited state, it attempts to fall back to the ground state, either directly or through intermediate energy states.  
• I hope it answers your question.

Answer 2

$\huge\green{ASSALAMUALAIKUM!}$

▶QUESTION:- why are atoms need to stability?

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▶ANSWER:- Atoms need to be stable for the same reason you move your butttt around to find a comfortable position to sit on, if you have to sit for a long time in an uncomfortable chair.

Atoms seek stability because instability fundamentally arises from having too much energy in the system. For example, a radioactive element (e.g. Radium) will release alpha particles (protons) or beta particles (electrons) or gamma rays (energy in the form of electromagnetic radiation) in order to arrive at a more stable condition by transmuting to a more stable element (i.e.Pb).

“need to be stable” is a desire that directly relates to the energetics of the system, be it atoms or anything else. If you cool down any unstable system (e.g. a pot that is boiling over or an atom that is spontaneously decaying) sufficiently, it will slow down or stop the physical process (e.g. boiling over or radioactive decay) that it uses to shed energy and become more stable. That is how you know that excess energy is what causes instability.

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$\huge\orange{INSHAALLAH it will help you!}$

$\mathbb{\huge\red{A.K.}}$