Question

Why are constants ignored in dimensional analysis?

Answer 1

Condtants are ignored because they are numbers and numbers do not have any unit if we desribe any particular measure we apply units numbers are just magnitude...
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Answer 2

Constants are just numeric values which can be simple numbers or fractions (1,2,3,1/2,3/2,6,7,8/9, etc. all are constants). While performing calculations using the dimensional analysis, these constants are ignored. Constants are dimensionless numeric values. Constants are also not physical quantities because constants never contain units. In dimensional analysis, we only consider the physical quantities having a definite dimension.

For example, t = k × l × m × a (where, t,l,m and a are time, length, mass and acceleration due to gravity respectively)

Here, dimensionally, t = l×m×a (k is ignored as our calculation is based on dimensions and k has no dimensions. We have nothing to do with k, we have to only deal with the quantities having definite dimensions.)