Question

Why are temperate forests used more extensively for lumbering than tropical forests?

Answer 1

Temperate forests in all regions of the globe have been significantly altered by human activities for thousands of years. Their moderate climates, fertile soils, and vegetation productivity have been favorable to human settlement and clearing for agriculture, as well as direct use of trees themselves for lumber and fuels. Agricultural and settlement activities have included development of urban areas, widespread grain and other crop (e.g., corn, vegetables) cultivation, livestock grazing, gathering of mulch, and alteration of natural water drainage. Under these historical pressures, it is estimated that only 1–2% of the original temperate forest remains as never-harvested remnants scattered around the globe. The vast majority of temperate forest land cover is in secondary forest responding to human harvest or other human-induced disturbance.

The longest histories of substantial forest clearing have been in Asia and Europe. In China clearing for agriculture probably began some 5000 years ago, where the Chinese civilization is believed to have begun around the Huang He (Yellow River). The primary sociopolitical factor contributing to deforestation of China over the centuries has probably been the focus on an agriculture-based economy. At present, there is negligible large-scale reforestation in temperate China and significant soil erosion problems hampering reforestation.

Forest clearing for agriculture in Europe began over 5000 years ago starting in present-day Turkey and Greece and moving northwest through Middle Europe to Northern Europe. Forests of Britain were substantially cleared for agriculture and grazing. Woodlands regained some area in the Middle Ages; however, even remaining European temperate forests were degraded, being used for fuelwood, woodland pasture, and later for charcoal. Coppice practices promoted species that re-sprouted more quickly than beech – including maples and oaks, and this activity altered the natural floristic composition. Tall trees in Britain and Western Europe were removed for shipbuilding. Manorial estates provided some of the few refuges for natural forests. Reforestation in recent centuries in Europe began subsequent to reduction in the use of woodlands for pasture and fuel; reforestation has also occurred through the introduction of planted managed forests and scientific forestry. However, spruce, pine, and larch have been widely planted on areas previously occupied by once deciduous temperate forests.

Answer 2

Answer:

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Explanation:

Temperate forests in all regions of the globe have been significantly altered by human activities for thousands of years. Their moderate climates, fertile soils, and vegetation productivity have been favorable to human settlement and clearing for agriculture, as well as direct use of trees themselves for lumber and fuels. Agricultural and settlement activities have included development of urban areas, widespread grain and other crop (e.g., corn, vegetables) cultivation, livestock grazing, gathering of mulch, and alteration of natural water drainage. Under these historical pressures, it is estimated that only 1–2% of the original temperate forest remains as never-harvested remnants scattered around the globe. The vast majority of temperate forest land cover is in secondary forest responding to human harvest or other human-induced disturbance.

The longest histories of substantial forest clearing have been in Asia and Europe. In China clearing for agriculture probably began some 5000 years ago, where the Chinese civilization is believed to have begun around the Huang He (Yellow River). The primary sociopolitical factor contributing to deforestation of China over the centuries has probably been the focus on an agriculture-based economy. At present, there is negligible large-scale reforestation in temperate China and significant soil erosion problems hampering reforestation.

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