Why aryl halides are less reactive towards nucleophilic substitution reaction in?
Answers
1. It is difficult for electron rich nucleophiles to approach electron rich benzene ring in haloarenes . There is no such thing in haloalkane .
2. carbon attached to halogen is SP3-hybridised in haloalkane and SP2-hybridised in haloarenes . SP3 carbon is less electronegative than SP2 . Thus, C-X bond length is shorter in haloarenes than in haloalkanes
*:..｡o○☆ HEYA MATE !☆○o｡..:*
ANSWER :
─━━━━━━⊱✿⊰━━━━━━─
Aryl halides are less reactive towards nucleophilic substitution reaction as compared to alkyl halides due to resonance stabilization.
Due to resonance, C−Cl bond acquires partial double bond character and becomes shorter and stronger and cannot be easily replaced by nucleophiles.
Other reasons for the low reactivity of aryl halides are
(1) Difference in the hybridization states of carbon atom in C−X bond. In alkyl halides, the carbon atom is sp3 hybridized whereas in aryl halides, it is sp2 hybridized and hence, more electronegative. Hence, C−X bond in aryl halides is more difficult to break.
(2) Polarity of C−X bond in aryl halides is lower than that in alkyl halides. Lower is the polarity, lower is the reactivity.
─━━━━━━⊱✿⊰━━━━━━─
∝╬══→HOPE U LIKE IT !!♡