Why benzaldehyde is less reactive than propanal in nucleophilic addition reaction?
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Benzaldehyde is very stable compound because of aromatic character of benzene ring so the ring won't participate in the nucleophilic addition reaction.
Also, the aldehyde side chain also will not participate in the same because O already has lone pairs so nucleophile can't attack there and C=O is in resonance with benzene ring so no nucleophilic substitution will take place. Even if nucleophilic substitution occurs it will require very extreme conditions for reaction to happen.
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