why Ca+ has a smaller ionic radius than K+
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Being isoelectronic species(same valence electrons). Therefore more the protons more is the force of attraction on electrons.Removing electrons does not change the atomic number. As we know that Ca=20 and K=19 therefore there cations also have same atomic number.Hence Ca+2 having more protons(no. of protons is same as atomic number) means more force which means a smaller radius of Ca+2 on comparison with K+1
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According to the atomic number sequencly increases there atomic radius, atomic mass and valance electron on outer orbit ca+ have lower than k+
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