Why can an aneroid barometer measure elevation as well as air preassure
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Because the absolute air pressure decreases as you go up in elevation. This is because the height of the air column above you is shorter. Since the aneroid barometer is a pressure measuring instrument, its reading will decrease as you move upward in elevation. Put another way, the barometric pressure decreases with elevation. More: Because the air pressure decreases as you go up in elevation. If we know the correction factor to adjust for sea level pressure, we can use the barometer as an altimeter by measuring the pressure drop as we climb higher.
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