Why cann't we use copper brush instead of carbon brushes in an AC generator
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Carbon has a very high melting point (~3500degC) compared with other conductors. Brushes made with copper or steel would wear out faster because of factors including:
1) The melted metal will break away from, or even be vaporized, leaving the brush with less material to do its job.
2) If the melted material doesn't vaporize or otherwise move away from the interface, it creates a mess for the brush. It can weld together bristles of the brush. It can build up material that interferes with the motion of the rotor.
3) As the metal melts in the presence of an arc, conductive material can be liberated, therby prolonging the arc, exasperating the wearing action.
Carbon is less prone to those high temperature effects and associated impacts to the generator operation.
1) The melted metal will break away from, or even be vaporized, leaving the brush with less material to do its job.
2) If the melted material doesn't vaporize or otherwise move away from the interface, it creates a mess for the brush. It can weld together bristles of the brush. It can build up material that interferes with the motion of the rotor.
3) As the metal melts in the presence of an arc, conductive material can be liberated, therby prolonging the arc, exasperating the wearing action.
Carbon is less prone to those high temperature effects and associated impacts to the generator operation.
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It is so, because carbon not catches fire easily or fastely it protect us from dangerous incident.
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