Question

Why capacitor does not allow sudden changes

Answer 1

Voltage in a capacitor is an electrostatic phenomenon.The plates of a charged capacitor accumulate charge.This is due to a current entering a capacitor.For the voltage of a capacitor to change suddenly an impulse current would have to flow since it is the only way the number of charges on plates of a capacitor are discontinuous across a time instant.

If we were to charge a capacitor from a source with zero resistance its voltage would indeed change instantaneously.Similarly a charged capacitor would instantaneously discharge across an ideal short circuit.

But since in real world circuits the resistance is always present,the charging and discharging rate of capacitor is dependent on time constant which is not zero,hence voltage in real capacitor doesnt change instantaneously.

Answer 2

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