why cripps mission failed
Answers
Answer:
Causes of failure,
Cripps' modification of the original British offer, which provided for no real transfer of power. the behind-the-scenes efforts of the Viceroy and Secretary of State for India to sabotage the mission.
Answer:
Why did the Cripps Mission fail in 1942?
Mrinal Harsh
April 19, 2015
Britain suffered from humiliating defeats from the hands of the Japanese. In 1942 Japan had overrun Malaya and was into Burma, thus the threat of Japanese invading India seemed very real now. Most important reason due to which Japan was able to conquer these countries was the pre-existing anti-colonial sentiments in these countries. Both England and the USA began to feel the necessity of revising and softening their attitude towards India. All these conditions together made India's co-operation very important for Britain.
Thus in March, 1942 British Government sent Cripps Mission to secure full Indian co-operation for the war. The mission was headed by Sir Stafford Cripps, a senior left winged Labourite and a member on the War Cabinet of Prime Minister Winston Churchill.
The main proposals of the mission were as follows:
1. An Indian Union with a dominion status; would be set up; it would be free to decide its relations with the Commonwealth and free to participate in the United Nations and other international bodies.
2. After the end of the war, a constituent assembly would be convened to frame a new constitution. Members of this assembly would be partly elected by the provincial assemblies through proportional representation and partly nominated by the princes.
3. The British Government would accept the new constitution subject to two conditions.
(i) any province not willing to join the Union could have a separate constitution and form a separate Union, and (ii) the new constitution- making body and the British Government would negotiate a treaty to effect the transfer of power and to safeguard racial and religious minorities.
4. In the meantime, defence of India would remain in British hands and the governor-general’s powers would remain intact.
5. Most important point in this proposal was the fact that after Independence India was free to withdraw from the Commonwealth.
Now coming to your question" why did Cripps Mission failed ?".
There are many conditions which collectively led to the failure of the mission.
Some of the most important aspects are -
1.) Congress wanted immediate self rule : The Congress stopped talks with Cripps and, guided by Gandhi, the national leadership demanded immediate self-government in return for war support. Gandhi said that Cripps' offer of Dominion Status after the war was a "post-dated cheque", while Nehru added that it was a "post-dated cheque drawn on a crashing bank".
2.) Congress didn't want India’s disintegration : According to Cripps proposals, provinces could opt out of the Indian Union, which was definitely not acceptable to Congress Nationalists.
3.) The Muslim League : Did not like the machinery for the creation of a constituent assembly and the procedure to decide on the accession of provinces to the Union. In short they felt that the proposals denied to the Muslims the right to self-determination and the creation of Pakistan.
4.) The behind-the-scenes efforts of the Viceroy and Secretary of State for India to sabotage the mission.
In short the proposals drafted by Cripps turned out to be too radical for Churchill and the Viceroy, and too conservative for the Indians; and at last no middle way was found.
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