Why death is called brother of sleep
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Answer:
The painting itself is a reference to the Greek gods Hypnos (sleep) and Thanatos (death) who, in the Greek mythology, were brothers.
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Actually, Thanatos, the Greek God of Death, is a twin brother of Hypnos, the God of Sleep. Thanatos and Hypnos are the sons of the Nyx, the Goddess of the Night, and Erebos, the God of Darkness.
Deep dreamless sleep and Death are very similar states. They are twin brothers, so to speak.
Hypnos has a wife, her name is Pacithea and she is the Goddess of Meditation, Hallucination, and Relaxation. Together, they had three children, called the Oneiroi, the three gods of dreams: Morpheus, Phobetor, and Phantasos.
This seems to be a metaphor of how the states of consciousness in death, sleep, and dreams are related to each other.
During sleep, the conscious mind shuts down. Without consciousness, you can’t be aware of what you are thinking, and you have no sense that you can intervene in your own thought processes. Instead, your mind appears to proceed automatically, as if it is a machine, which is not how we ordinarily become aware that we have a sense of self.