Why diamond is insulator and graphite is conductor
Answers
Answer:
Graphite can conduct electricity because of the delocalised (free) electrons in its structure. These arise because each carbon atom is only bonded to 3 other carbon atoms. However, in diamond, all 4 outer electrons on each carbon atom are used in covalent bonding, so there are no delocalised electrons and thus it is an insulator.
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No free electron is available in diamond and graphite has one free electron available on each of its carbon atom. Hence, graphite is a conductor.
Explanation:
It is known that for the flow of electricity, there has to be free electrons available. In diamond, carbon atom uses all of its valence electrons in order to bond with its neighboring atoms.
Therefore, there are no free electrons available in the carbon atoms of diamond.
On the other hand, in graphite each carbon atom is bonded to three neighboring atoms leaving behind its one valence electron. This means that one free electron is present on each carbon atom of graphite.
Hence, graphite is able to conduct electricity therefore it acts as a conductor.
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