Question

Why did British government want to change grazing land into farming land? Give five reasons-5 marks question

Answer 1

The British Agricultural Revolution was the unprecedented increase in agricultural production in Britain due to increases in labour and land productivity between the mid-17th and late 19th centuries. Agricultural output grew faster than the population over the century to 1770, and thereafter productivity remained among the highest in the world. This increase in the food supply contributed to the rapid growth of population in England and Wales, from 5.5 million in 1700 to over 9 million by 1801, though domestic production gave way increasingly to food imports in the nineteenth century as population more than tripled to over 32 million.[1] The rise in productivity accelerated the decline of the agricultural share of the labour force, adding to the urban workforce on which industrialization depended: the Agricultural Revolution has therefore been cited as a cause of the Industrial Revolution.

However, historians continue to dispute when exactly such a "revolution" took place and of what it consisted. Rather than a single event, G.E. Mingay states that there were a "profusion of agricultural revolutions, one for two centuries before 1750, another emphasising the century after 1650, a third for the period 1750-1880, and a fourth for the middle decades of the nineteenth century".[2] This has led more recent historians to argue that any general statements about "the Agricultural Revolution" are difficult to sustain

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Answer 2

There were many reasons why the British government wanted to change grazing land into farming land. Following are some of the important reasons for this:

1. The colonial government in India required a huge supply of wood to satisfy their need for industrial works. They were worried about the deforestation and wanted to have full control over the process of deforestation. Therefore, the British authority called a Botanist from Germany-Britain known as Dietrich Brandis. And on his advice of conserving forests, the Colonial government implemented new rules, restriction of grazing in the forests, was one among them.

2. To take control of deforestation in India the colonial administration promoted commercial crops such as sugar, cotton, jute, and indigo, which served the need for raw material in England.