why did mahatma gandhi stop the CDM in 1931 ?and list out the limitations of CDM
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Gandhi decided to call off the Civil Disobedience Movement in 1931 in the wake of following situation: ... When Abdul Ghaffar Khan, a devout disciple of Mahatma Gandhi, was arrested in April 1930, angry crowds demonstrated in the streets of Peshawar, facing armored cars and police firing. Many were killed.
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The civil disobedience movement came to end because of the Gandhi-Irwin pact. It was signed by Mahatma Gandhi and the then Viceroy of India, Lord Irwin on 5 March 1931.
Following were the provisions of the Gandhi-Irwin pact:
- Stopping of the civil disobedience movement by the Indian National Congress.
- Participation of Indian National Congress in the Round Table Conference.
- Withdrawal of all laws issued by the British Government forcing checks on the exercises of the Indian National Congress.
- The release of prisoners arrested during civil disobedience movement.
- Removal of salt tax.
Gandhiji decided to call off the Civil Disobedience Movement in 1931 for the following situation.
- Violent clashes arose due to the arrest of the Congress leaders by the government.
- Industrial workers at Solapur attacked police posts and government institutions after the arrest of Gandhiji. The violence threatened to get out of hand.
- The government brutally repressed by attacking and arresting peaceful satyagrahis and beating women and children.
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