Why did socialism in Tanzania fail?
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Answer:
Tanzania: Failure of Ujamaa (1976-1986)
Updated September 2010
On February 5, 1977 the goal of a one-party state was finally realized when the mainland Tanganyika African National Union (TANU) merged with the Zanzibari Afro-Shirazi Party (ASP) to form the Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM, "Party of the Revolution"). A new constitution was adopted shortly thereafter legitimising the relationship between the new party and the state. Divisions between the two parts of the union and between the two wings of the party persisted and almost reached breaking point in the mid-1980s (Talbot 2000, Columbia Encyclopaedia 2004, US State Department 2005).
Quarrels between Uganda and Tanzania, patched up in 1973, climaxed in 1978 when Idi Amin Dada invaded Tanzania. Tanzania mobilized its forces rapidly, expelled the Ugandans and advanced towards Kampala. Amin fled and the Tanzanians occupied the capital in April 1979, restoring Milton Obote to power. The war drained the country's resources and placed additional strain on the country's already fragile economy (Lupogo 2001, Columbia Encyclopaedia 2004).