why did the first expression of nationalism come in France ? how was sovereignty transferred to the people ?
Answers
The first clear-cut expression of nationalism came to France with the French Revolution of 1789.
The French revolutionaries introduced various measures and practices which proclaimed that it was the people who would henceforth constitute the nation and shape its destiny.
(i) The ideas of la patrie (the fatherland) and le citoyen (the citizen) emphasised the notion of a united community enjoying equal rights under a constitution. A French flag, the tricolour, was chosen to replace the royal standard.
(ii) The Estates General was elected by the body of active citizens and renamed National Assembly.
(iii) A centralised administrative system was put in place and it formulated uniform laws for all its citizens.
Answer:
In the 19th century, a wave of romantic nationalism swept the European continent, transforming its countries. ... Nationalism was the ideological impetus that, over the century, transformed Europe. Rule by monarchies and foreign control of territory was replaced by self-determination and newly formed national governments.
The French Revolution helped introduce nationalism in Europe, for it changed France's entire system of government, defined citizens' rights, and developed a set of national symbols. The Revolution also spread nationalism to other countries. ... After Napoleon's defeat, Europe reacted against nationalism for a while.