Question

why did the Indian iron smelting industry decline in the 19th century

Answer 1

When the colonial government prevented people from entering the reserved forests, the iron smelterscould not find wood for charcoal to light the furnace. Neither could they get iron ore. ... By the late nineteenth century iron and steel was being imported from Britain.
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Answer 2

$<b>$The series of British forest laws passed by the mid 19th century in the form of forest acts restricted access to forested areas. Under these conditions the iron smelters could not continue with their occupation for long. many gave up their craft and looked for other means of livelihood. The demand for iron produced by local indigenous smelters also decline because of tough competition from british Steel. In fact, the Large demand for Iron and Steel required for the construction of Railways in India was made by importing iron and steel from England.