Why did the mughal empire break down after Aurangzeb ?
Answers
The empire had grown too large to be controlled by one person.
Thus, the mighty Mughal empire crumbled right after Aurangzeb's fifty years of reign.
Answer:
After death of Aurangzeb, the Mughal empire became weaker and was done and dusted by 1764, after the battle of buxar. Though, Mughal emperors did try, but their rules extended till the boundary of red fort, untill it was extinguished formally by British in 1857. The main causes of their downfall is as under-
1. By 1650 , rest of the world was way advanced in technology, military or otherwise. A simple invention called Printing Press ' was disallowed by Shah Jehan, as he did not like British people. Though India was still richer than most of the countries, its inherent policy makers did not allow modern technology to make its presence felt.
2. Mughal empire was huge. By 1700, it covered lands from Kabul to Mysore and from Baluchistan to Bengal. The more you expand, the more you contract. Without a proper system of succession, it was doomed.
3. Polices of Aurangzeb, where he not only killed tolerant Muslims, but destroyed temples and killed so many Hindus. His great grandfather (Akbar) would have been turning in his grave seeing his hard work getting extinguished because of a lunatic at the helm.
4. The policy of mansabdari system was good in its initial stages. However, by early 1700's world had changed and it did not conform to medieval practices. Something new should have been in process.
4. The later Mughals were debaunched persons without any battlefield or administration experiences. They gave up their real work to their ministers and were satisfied with company of women and nautch girls.
5. Unnecessary wars like against marathas for 27 years , drained the economy.
6. Rajputs, whom Akbar courted so successfully, were not their allies, especially after what Aurangzeb did.
7. Fighting on two or more fronts, with Marathas in the south, with Sikh in the north and internal rebellions of ministers like sayyed brothers and princes.
8. Whatever Aurangzeb was, the colonial powers of that era shivered by his name. Wars like 'Child's war' started by East India Company in 1700 AD, was so thoroughly crushed that British people had to do a sajda and beg forgiveness from Aurangzeb. The later Mughals were only happy with taxes and were never in any control of these foreigners.
9. Failure to secure borders, lead to invasions, which destroyed the Mughal reputation.
Today most of the Mughal descendants are either selling tea in Calcutta or doing menial jobs.
Explanation:
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