Question

why did the tsarist autocracy collapse in 1917

Answer 1

the Russian tsar ruled autocratically the bureaucracy appointed by the tsar was autocratic . those are also for the World War 1 without consulting either the Duma of the political leaders. the losses within the war was great.
old is led to the February revolution. this Revolution overthrew autocratic service rule in Russia and establish liberal captain list government. finally in October leaders like Lenin and troskii overthrew the liberal capitalist rule and established first socialist government of world in Russia

Answer 2

The Tsar's autocracy collapsed on 1917 due to the interplay of many factors- social, economic and political.

The Russian state under Tsar Nicholas II was completely unsuited to the needs of modern times. The Tsar still believed in the autocratic absolute rights of the king.

The bureaucracy that the Tsar recruited was top heavy, inefficient and inflexible. Members were recruited on the basis of privileges and patronage, not on merit.

The hopes and efforts at gradual changes and democratic constitutional government after the Revolution of 1905 ended in disappointments and failure.

The peasants and workers who formed large section of the population were miserable, deprived and frustrated. The Tsar was totally ignorant, indifferent to their conditions and needs.