Question

why did the Turks succeed in their Indian campaigns​

Answer 1

Explanation:

The leadership of Islam was captured from the Arabs first by the Persians and then by the Turks. In the beginning, the Turks were barbaric hordes and their only strength was their power of arms. ... He was successful in breaking up the military strength of the Hindus and plundering the wealth of India

Answer 2

Answer:

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Explanation:

These reasons may be grouped under the following seven heads:

I. Political causes.

II. Military causes.

III. Religious causes.

IV. Social causes

V. Geographical causes.

VI. Administrative causes.

VII. Economic causes.

I. Political Causes:

(1) Lack of a powerful central authority

(2) Disunity among the Rajput rulers

(3) Lack of political insight

(4) Neglect of the frontiers

(5) Feudalism

II. Military Causes:

1. Interior war art

2. Lack of appropriate military strategy

3. Lack of offensive

4. Outdated weapons and war strategies

5. Swordsmen versus archers

6. Elephants versus horses

7. Lack of military leadership

8. Overdependence on the leaders

9. Only Rajput’s in the army

III. Religious Causes:

1. Ghazi spirit of the Muslim army

2. No unitary ideology of the Hindus

3. Impact of Buddhist religion

IV. Social Causes:

(1) Decaying society

(2) Superstition of the Hindus

(3) Slave system of the Muslim rulers

V. Administrative Factors:

The Rajput rulers did not set up an efficient spy system to be adequately acquainted themselves with the overall position of their adversaries. It is also very unfortunate that sometimes Rajput officials proved treacherous as they let out some of the military secrets to the enemy.

VI. Geographical Factors:

Some historians have suggested that the hot climate of India sapped the strength and vigour of the Indian soldiers. The Muslim soldiers came from cold regions and were habitually hardy and sturdy. They were not bothered by the Indian heat as they were used to face climatic harshness. ‘Heat or cold,’ they thought they were their to conquer and that was the only thing that mattered to them. The Muslim rulers had excellent recruiting grounds in lands beyond the Afghan hills. From there they could constantly bring new recruits to fight against the Hindus.

VII. Economic Factors:

Large number of soldiers of the Turk invaders were attracted by the wealth of India. They, therefore, fought with full zeal. As already stated, religious fantacism was also there. Thus the two factors combined together to infuse vigour in them. The wealth of the temples had a great attraction for the Muslim invaders. These temples however, were not properly protected. It, therefore, became easy for the invaders to plunder these places and this demoralised the people.