Why dil sulfuric acid is stronger than concentrated sulphuric acid?
Answers
It’s not, but dilute sulphuric acid is strongly dissociated in water, so the free hydrogen (hydronium) ions are more available for reaction with other species. In highly concentrated sulphuric, more of the hydrogens remain bonded to the sulphate as the H2SO4 molecule and that bond has to be broken before the reaction of hydrogen with other reagents. Add some caustic soda or other strong base to both (stand well back though) and watch what happens.
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Which is stronger, dilute sulfuric acid or concentrated sulfuric acid?
When it comes to sulfuric acid, dilute sulfuric acid is stronger than a concentrated one. If you go to any industry, you will find that they are storing concentrated acids in stainless steel tanks and the concentration of the acid is not allowed to fall below 95%. This is because when conc acid comes in contact with an iron surface, it reacts to produce sulphates of iron which render the rest of the iron impassive thus protecting it. However, was you go on diluting it, a rather porous deposition occurs on the walls. This promotes attack by the acid. Also, the activity of sulfuric acid increases with dilution. In case of weaker acids, the dissociation increases with dilution, which means that as more and more water is added, more hydrogen ions will be generated. By and large, dilute sulfuric acid is more harmful than concentrated sulfuric acid.
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