Question

why do not element present in a period show similar characteristics​

Answer 1

All elements in a row have the same number of electron shells. Each next element in a period has one more proton and is less metallic than its predecessor. Arranged this way, groups of elements in the same column have similar chemical and physical properties, reflecting the periodic law.

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Answer 2

because in the same period every element has different valance electron due to which they have different chemical and physical properties. the valence electron even decides if a element is a metal or a non-metal or a metalloid.