Question

Why do people get darker when they are near the sun?

Answer 1

Answer:

Melanin helps protect our skin and hair by filtering out potentially harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun.

The UV light from the sun can damage DNA and cause cancer. This is one reason why our body darkens the skin when exposed to sun- to protect us.

Skin darkening is a two step process. First our cells experience the "immediate pigment darkening" response when exposed to the sun. This happens when our cells are exposed to UVB or ultraviolet type B radiation.

This is a quick response that happens over a period of minutes to days. You can't easily see this happen with lighter skinned people but it is more obvious with people with darker skin.

The second and slower response of our skin cells to sunlight is called "delayed tanning". As the name suggests, it's much slower. This second response is also called melanogenesis and happens when our skin is exposed to UVA radiation.

Melanogenesis just means the cell is ramping up to make more melanin pigment. Part of this is that more melanocytes get made. Also, melanin genes start making more melanin so that the melanocytes are darker. So you end up with darker melanocytes and more of them.

Strangely the sun is not directly causing more melanin to get made. It's the damage that the sun is doing to the cell that starts this process.

When the sun damages a skin cell, the cell releases chemicals alerting the body that it has taken a hit. These chemicals cause more melanocytes and more melanin to get made.

Explanation:

Answer 2

Answer:

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Explanation: