Question

Why do pumps require energy?
Pumps move substances from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration.
Pumps move substances from areas of low concentration to areas of high concentration.
Pumps always move substances out of the cell.
Pumps always move substances into the cell.​

Answer 1

This type of protein pump moves ions across the cell membrane. There is a high concentration of sodium ions (Na+) outside the cell membrane. Even so, the protein pump keeps forcing more and more sodium ions into that space. Because the movement of molecules is "forced", it requires energy (ATP).