Why do we have topographical diversity of landforms in India?
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Answers
Explanation:
India occupies the south-central peninsula of the Asian continent. Besides the main land, there are two groups of islands, namely Lakshadweep in the Arabian Sea and Andaman & Nicobar Islands in the Bay of Bengal. The mainland of India lies between 8°4’ N and 37°6’ N latitude and 68°7’ E and 97°25’ E longitude. The Andaman and Nicobar islands lie to the south east of the mainland and Lakshadweep to the southwest. A world map showing the location of India is given here
Note that the country completely lies in the northern hemisphere. India has a long coastline, extending to about 7,500 km which permits numerous ocean routes to the rest of the world for trade and travel.
India is endowed with almost all the important topographical features, such as high mountains, extensive plateaus, and wide plains traversed by mighty rivers. The country is bounded by Himalayas in the North and has a large peninsular region tapering towards the Indian Ocean. The Himalayas in the north are the major mountain ranges of the world. The other prominent mountains of India include the Aravallis, the Vindhyachals, the Satpuras, the Eastern Ghats, and the Western Ghats. The mountains are the primary source of rivers which derive their flow from rainfall and snow and glacier melt. The plateaus are another striking feature of topography in India and they range in elevation from 300 to 900 m.
With a geographical area of 3,287,263 sq. km, India is the seventh largest country in the world. The countries whose area is larger than India are: Russia, Canada, China, United States of America, Brazil and Australia. India occupies about nearly 2.42% of the land area of the earth. The latitudinal and longitudinal extent of India is almost of the same magnitude in degrees, about 30°. The distance between the extreme north to south tip is about 3,200 km while the east-west extent is 3,000 km. The Tropic of Cancer divides the country into two nearly equal parts. The northern part mainly consists of the Himalayas and the plains of Indus and Ganga. The southern part is of triangular shape.To the north of the mainland of India lies the mountain chain of Himalayas. The word Himalayas is formed by him (snow) with alaya (abode), meaning thereby that Himalayas are the abode of snow. The presence of Himalayas has an important bearing on the climate and water resources of the country.
The major physiographic divisions of India are :
The Himalayas
The Himalayas mountain region extends all along the northern border of the country. From the eastern border of West Pakistan to the frontiers of Burma, the Himalayas run for a distance of about 2,400 km in the east-west direction in the shape of an arc. The width of the mountains varies from 400 km in the west to 150 km in the east. Himalayas cover an area of about 500,000km2. The average elevation of the eastern half portion is greater than that of the western half. Mountainous area in India occupies 96.06 M-ha divided into: Himalayas 51.43 M-ha, Vindhya region 9.27 M-ha, Eastern Ghats 18.02 M-ha, Western Ghats 7.74 M-ha, and Satpura Ranges 6.60 M-ha. The area of Himalayas above various contour heights is given in Table 1.
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Explanation:
India is a land that consist of almost all the important landforms of the world. Various landforms are found in India because of the different climatic conditions, soil type and elevations of land in different parts of the country. therefore the topographical diversity of the country is huge