Question

why do we need a standard meridian ? where is it located ? what is its significance ?

Answer 1

Since Indian is a very large country, it needs a uniformity in time. 
If their will different times at different places, then it would be a lot confusing. Hence to remove this confusion, the Meridian 82'30 Degrees passing near Allahabad is taken as the standard meridian.

The significance of standard meridian of India is that Standard meridian is used as the standard time for whole country.

Answer 2

India Standard Meridian 82 degree 30 north South through nearly the middle of the country

it run fast to Mirzapur in UP

Every country has a standard Meridian to avoid confusion of time each Meridian has its own local time which is the sun time at a particular place thus local time varius from place to place

India is a country that extends East West for about 29 degree of longitude it means that meridian give as many different local time at any given point of time to avoid confusion the central median is taken or accepted as the Standard Meridian of India

the earth rotates on its axis in 24 hours in this time it covers 360 degree each degree of longitude covers 4 minutes


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