Question

Why do you think the British had not tried to bring whole of Assam under the control after the the signing of the treaty of yandaboo
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Answer 1

Explanation:

History ] Events occurring before the invention of writing systems are considered prehistory. "History" is an umbrella term that relates to past events as well as the memory, discovery, collection, organization, presentation, and interpretation of information about these events. Historians place the past in context using historical sources such as written documents, oral accounts, ecological markers, and material objects including art and artifacts

Answer 2

Assam is endowed with huge natural, mineral and unique human resources. The State was annexed with British ruled India after the Treaty of Yandabo (also spelt Yandabu or Yandaboo). It was the peace treaty that resulted at the end of the First Anglo Burmese War. The Treaty was signed on 24 February 1826 after two years of the war between British and Burmese.

Main Conditions of the Treaty: Treaty was signed between East India Company and King of Ava (Ava was the capital of Burma from 1364-1841). The Treaty inter alia covered the following important issues:

Ø Assam, Manipur, Arakan, Taninthai were ceded to British.

Ø The Burmese had to cease interference in the Chachar Kingdom and Jaintia Hills.

Ø Burmese agreed to pay an indemnity of One million Pounds sterling to British.

Ø Burmese agreed to allow diplomatic representatives from the British.

Ø Burmese also agreed to sign a commercial treaty in due course of time.

After the Treaty, British controlled Assam and thus became the masters of Brahmaputra Valley and they began to consolidate their rule. In 1830, the Kachari king Govinda Chandra was assassinated and the British annexed Kachari kingdom in 1832. Also later on the British included part of Goalpara district and Sylhet district of then Bengal into Assam which they (British) received in 1765, from Moghul Emperor Shah Alam.

With the British rule, two sectors viz., tea gardens and crude oil sector developed in a massive way as a sequel many outsiders time to time came and settled in Assam. “The intervention of the colonizing British East India Company was realized through a body of ‘experts’ constituting the Tea Committee (1834) to assess the scientific nature and commercial potential of Assam tea” . On the other hand, the first oil production started not only in India but in Asia in 1889 in Assam in the vicinity of Digboi town. The fact is that while constructing of Dibrugarh – Ledo Railway Line, oil seepage was observed near Digboi and thus crude oil was discovered. To eke out the livelihoods many persons came to Assam and settled. Also, earlier Moghul rulers tried to capture Assam but great stalwarts like Lachit Borphukan thwarted their attempts. In this context, the Battle of Saraighat (a naval battle) fought in 1671 between the Mughal Empire (led by the Kachwaha king, Raja Ramsingh I), and the Ahom ruler (led by Lachit Borphukan) on the Brahmaputra river at Saraighat, now in Guwahati may be mentioned. In the Battle, the Ahom Army defeated the Mughal Army by the brilliant use of the terrain and other tactics.

Anyway, after the partition of India in 1947 around 3 million East Bengalis migrated to India and in 1950, it is estimated that a further one million refugees crossed into West Bengal, particularly aftermath of 1950 Barisal and Noakhali riots. “Migration continued, primarily from East Pakistan to India, right up to the liberation of Bangladesh in 1971, both on an on-going basis and with spikes during periods of particular communal unrest such as the 1964 East Pakistan riots and the 1965 India-Pakistan War, when it is estimated that 600,000 refugees left for India” . It is believed that a substantial percentage of refugees settled in Assam both in Barak valley and Brahmaputra valley. The majority of the people of Brahmaputra valley mostly speak Assamese and also different tribal languages and dialects such as Bodo, Tiwa and few other dialects. They have their own culture and custom. Because of the settlement of Bengalis, Assamese people are always scared and feel to lose their cultural identity. We all know Assam Agitation took place for about six years and finally, the Assam Accord (Memorandum of Settlement) signed between representatives of the Government of India and the leaders of the Assam Movement on 15 August 1985. “One of the clauses was the Government agreed to identify and deport any and all refugees and migrants after March 25 1971Since there are a lot of issues associated with Assamese people who are peace-loving, so I request to the Government of India not to implement the Citizenship (Amendment) Act, 2019 in Assam in general and Brahmaputra valley in particular.

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