why do you think was the literacy rate in hyderabad state was lower than other princely states?
Answers
The literacy rate in both Telugu States ( Telangana - 66.5% and AP - 67.4%) is lower than the all India average of 74.95%. This is the dubious legacy of the combined State which both the successor States share now. Interestingly, both the States have almost the same literacy rate.
The literacy rates in AP and Telangana as per 2011 census are 67.4 per cent and 66.5 per cent respectively. However, female literacy in AP is marginally higher compared to Telangana. Again Hyderabad contributes to marginally higher urban literacy rate in Telangana as compared to AP. It is a matter of concern that literacy rate in both the Telugu States is lower than those in some of the lower income States like Odisha, Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh. The reasons behind these lower levels of literacy in both the states are historical as well as state specific. Such as -
The primary reason is that the erstwhile undivided state of AP had a lopsided focus on only a few regions like Hyderabad, Ranga Reddy, West Godavari districts, etc in terms of development in general and improvement of education facilities in particular. This happened because of various political interests and power centres having their own agenda of development.
For example, In Telangana, Hyderabad district (being the political capital and IT hub had better facilities) leading with 80.96% literacy rate whereas, Mahabubnagar district (with predominantly tribal and scheduled caste population was neglected) is at the bottom with 56.06% .
Similarly, in AP, West Godavari district has the highest literacy rate of 74.6% and Vizianagaram district (which falls in the “Red corridor” and is much effected by the conflicts) has the least literacy rate with 58.9%.The other major reason has been the ineffective steps by the previous governments to increase the female literacy rates in these states. Telangana's literacy rate is 66.46% with Male literacy and female literacy at 74.95% and 57.92% respectively.
Similarly, literacy rate of Andhra Pradesh is 67.4%, Male - 75.56 and Female -59.74%. The drastic gap in the male and female literacy rates is dragging down the overall literacy rate.In case of Telangana, Child labour, migration and taking care of siblings are three major reasons behind children being out of school in Telangana (as per a study by Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University).
The study revealed that nearly 24 per cent of out of school students had dropped out because of moving with their parents who migrated in search of better jobs. Shockingly, another 21 per cent of children were out of school so that they could generate income for their families. Other reasons for not attending school was the necessity to be home to take care of younger siblings or because they simply did not have interest in studying, which was about 14 per cent of the sample size.
Talking of a silver lining amidst all this, None of the children in the sample cited poor health condition as the reason behind dropping out of school.Another India wide problem with literacy has been the Ineffectiveness of primary schools in enrolling and retaining students. Studies have also found that a large number of students listed as enrolled in schools by the government were actually dropouts, creating a large disparity between the data claimed by the government and the actual picture.A major aspect that is slowly ruining the state of education in both states is the commercialization of education ( large group of institutions promoted and run by the major politicos and businessmen) both at the elementary and at the higher education levels. Private schools charge enormous fees which makes it difficult for the poor parents to send their children to the schools.As large no. of households in AP & TS still depend on Agriculture and allied activities and tribal activities, so there exists the perpetual Urban-Rural deficit. And the traditional outlook of the lower class in using the services of young children either for earning some additional money or looking after their younger siblings at home deprives them of proper schooling.High level of poverty; even though both the states rank high in terms of GSDP and Ease of doing business, there still exists a neglect for improving the social status of people as both the states have engaged in a race for gaining supremacy in doing business and IT development.Regional difficulties - Some areas which bore the brunt of the Naxal-Police conflict like Vizianagaram, srikakulam, karimnagar, Khammam, Mahabubnagar, etc naturally were left behind in terms of availability of education facilities. And other areas like tribal dominated districts face difficulties in achieving penetration of education services.
The literacy rate in both Telugu States ( Telangana - 66.5% and AP - 67.4%) is lower than the all India average of 74.95%. This is the dubious legacy of the combined State which both the successor States share now. Interestingly, both the States have almost the same literacy rate.
The literacy rates in AP and Telangana as per 2011 census are 67.4 per cent and 66.5 per cent respectively. However, female literacy in AP is marginally higher compared to Telangana. Again Hyderabad contributes to marginally higher urban literacy rate in Telangana as compared to AP. It is a matter of concern that literacy rate in both the Telugu States is lower than those in some of the lower income States like Odisha, Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh. The reasons behind these lower levels of literacy in both the states are historical as well as state specific. Such as -
The primary reason is that the erstwhile undivided state of AP had a lopsided focus on only a few regions like Hyderabad, Ranga Reddy, West Godavari districts, etc in terms of development in general and improvement of education facilities in particular. This happened because of various political interests and power centres having their own agenda of development.
For example, In Telangana, Hyderabad district (being the political capital and IT hub had better facilities) leading with 80.96% literacy rate whereas, Mahabubnagar district (with predominantly tribal and scheduled caste population was neglected) is at the bottom with 56.06% .
Similarly, in AP, West Godavari district has the highest literacy rate of 74.6% and Vizianagaram district (which falls in the “Red corridor” and is much effected by the conflicts) has the least literacy rate with 58.9%.The other major reason has been the ineffective steps by the previous governments to increase the female literacy rates in these states. Telangana's literacy rate is 66.46% with Male literacy and female literacy at 74.95% and 57.92% respectively.
Similarly, literacy rate of Andhra Pradesh is 67.4%, Male - 75.56 and Female -59.74%. The drastic gap in the male and female literacy rates is dragging down the overall literacy rate.In case of Telangana, Child labour, migration and taking care of siblings are three major reasons behind children being out of school in Telangana (as per a study by Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University).
The study revealed that nearly 24 per cent of out of school students had dropped out because of moving with their parents who migrated in search of better jobs. Shockingly, another 21 per cent of children were out of school so that they could generate income for their families. Other reasons for not attending school was the necessity to be home to take care of younger siblings or because they simply did not have interest in studying, which was about 14 per cent of the sample size.
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