Question

Why do you think water should be state responsibility​

Answer 1

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Clean water is essential not only to remain safe from disease but also to maintain good health. ... If the crops and grains are given contaminated water, the bacteria and disease will spread to those who consume the fresh produce. Therefore, water that is used for agriculture must also come from safe and clean resources. 

Answer 2

Explanation:

The rights-discourse in the context of water highlights right to water and more particularly, the right to drinking

water as an essential component of right to a ‘dignified life’. This approach is reiterated in the international human

rights instruments. The International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR), 1966,

specifically lays down an obligation on the member states for the progressive realization of this right. The General

Comment No.151 encapsulates the right to drinking water as a priority item. India being a member state of ICESCR

is obliged to gradually realize this right vis-à-vis its population. In the past two decades, more and more space has

been devoted to the discussion on redefining the role of the State in the water sector reforms with special focus on

public-private/ community participation in the drinking water supply.

The Five Year Plan documents and the National Sample Survey provide the official figures about the percentage

of population, having access to drinking water in rural and urban India. The Planning Commission states that

these figures are far from the ground realities, which means the situation is not as rosy as projected in the official

circles2. Traditionally water supply in India was limited to major towns and cities and that too was within the

boundaries of state/provincial units. With the spread of the process of urbanization and declining public health

standards in both urban and rural India, post-independent India took a serious initiative in the form of laws and

policies.

A two-way approach is adopted by India, in this regard, viz:

1. Legislations focusing on water supply and at times on water supply and sanitation, to be driven by the

state agencies

2. Policy initiatives by the central government in order to assist and supplement the states’ activities with

the overall objective of providing safe drinking water and thereby promoting public health.

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