Why do you think women are engaged in textiles industry?
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The greater part of the activities of the Textile Industry is concerned, directly or indirectly, with the production of goods that are bought by women : whether these goods are household textiles, furnishing fabrics, or women's wearing apparel, there is little doubt that mere man has only a minor say in the actual purchase. In view of this state of affairs, it is rather surprising, on examining the structure of the industry, to find that above operative level the scientific and technological work is almost wholly in the hands of men. This position is reflected in membership of the Textile Institute. To-day, of just over 7,000 members, only 102 are women, i.e., less than 2%. There are
18 women holding the Associateship and only one the Fellowship. The first point to be examined is whether the Textile Industry is very much different from other industries or professions in the part played by women in its conduct and guidance. In the medical profession, women strove for many years for admittance to the medical schools ; to quote from an issue of Nature in 1869 :
"The 'Female Physicians' question, thanks to Professor Masson, has made a great stride during the past week. Ladies are to be admitted to study medicine at Edinburgh University. Imagine the feelings of the non-contents when Professor Masson, in a final outburst, described their argumentation as rampageous mysticism, dashed with drivel from Anacreon!”
To-day, women are well established both numerically and positionally in the field of medicine and surgery. To-day, also, they are breaking down the prejudices that have hindered their entry into the legal and engineering professions. In science, women have made valuable contributions; the work of Madame Curie is in no way an isolated example. At the same time, it is certainly true that, when we analyse the composition of the top layers, so to speak, of learned societies and the councils and directing organizations of technical and industrial concerns, the number of women representatives is propor tionately very small.
There are three main lanes of entry into the textile industry. The first is purely artisan, and here the numbers of men and women are probably about equal. When deftness of touch and cleverness of digital manipulation are of prime importance, as in many of the operations in spinning, weaving, knitting, etc., women are the more usual operatives. Men are more concerned with the heavier lifting jobs and with care and maintenance of the machinery. Few of such workers in the industry are members of the Institute.