Why does 4s have less energy than 3d?
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We say that the 4s orbitals have a lower energy than the 3d, and so the 4s orbitals are filled first. ... The electrons lost first will come from the highest energy level, furthest from the influence of the nucleus. So the 4s orbital must have a higher energy than the 3d orbitals.
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Ans: Once 3d orbitals are occupied by electrons, like in the case of transition elements, because they are closer to the nucleus, they will repel the 4s electrons further away from the nucleus and cause it to have higher energy level.
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