Question

why does a magnetic compass deflect when bar magnet or a current carrying loop is brought near it?​

Answer 1

because of the magnetic effect...

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Answer 2

$\huge \mathfrak{Answer : }$

A magnetic compass needle pointing North and South shows deflection when a bar magnet or a current carrying loop is brought near it. This happens because the magnetic fields of the compass needle and the bar magnet (or current carrying loop) interact with each other.