Why does a matchstick light when we strike it on a rough surface friction?
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When a matchstick is strikes against a rough surface, friction comes into action and heat is generated. The two surfaces being very rough, a lot of heat gets generated and hence it leads to the evolution of flames. As a result, the matchstick ignites and produces a flame.
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Safety matches ignite due to the extreme reactivity of phosphorus with the potassium chlorate in the match head. When the match is struck the phosphorus and chlorate mix in a small amount forming something akin to the explosive Armstrong's mixture which ignites due to the friction.
Explanation:
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